´ëÇѾð¾îÇÐȸ ÀüÀÚÀú³Î

´ëÇѾð¾îÇÐȸ

27±Ç 2È£ (2019³â 6¿ù)

Çѱ¹¾î ºñÀ½Á¾¼º[n] ¹ßÀ½ ¿À·ù ºÐ¼®: ÆÄÅ°½ºÅº ÇнÀÀÚÀÇÀ½¿î ü°è¸¦ Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î

¾Æ¸¸ ¿ï¶ó

Pages : 37-57

DOI : https://doi.org/10.24303/lakdoi.2019.27.2.37

PDFº¸±â

¸®½ºÆ®

Abstract

Ullah., Aman. (2019). A study of Korean final nasal consonant[n] pronunciation errors based on the vocal sound system of Pakistani students. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal, 27(2), 37-57. This study examined if Pakistani students can clearly pronounce three distinctive nasal constants of the Korean language or not. For the purpose, total 9 high frequent words from the vocal data of speaking exam which includes the nasal stop sounds of 20 Pakistani students were analyzed: 3 words are from one-syllable words which nasal sounds are (¾È, ²Þ, ¸í), 3 words are from two-syllable words which nasal sounds in the first place are (¾È°ú, ´ã¹è, Á¾±³) and 3 words are from two-syllable words which nasal sounds in the last place are (°ø¿ø, »ç¶÷, °íÇâ). The result showed that the Pakistani students can recognize and can clearly distinct and pronounce three nasal conflictive elements of Korean language. But, due to the influence of allophone rules of Urdu nasal alphabet ن/noon/[n], some Pakistani students produced ¤·[©¯] sound with ¤¤[n] and ¤±[m] sound with ¤¤[n]. Moreover, Pakistani students omitted final constant while uttering Korean sentences due to the non-existence of final constant in Urdu language. Based on the result of this research, I suggested teaching methods of nasal stop sounds for Pakistani students. The result of this paper could be utilized as a basic data for developing the pronunciation education materials or finding the ways of pronunciation education for Pakistani students. Hereafter, I hope that this paper will play a tiny role in developing the language pronunciation education for Pakistani students.

Keywords

# final nasal consonant # Urdu nasal characteristics # one-syllable word with nasal sound # two-syllable word with nasal sound in first place # two-syllable word with nasal sound in last place

References

  • °­ÇöÈ­¡¤½ÅÀÚ¿µ¡¤ÀÌÀ缺¡¤ÀÓÈ¿»ó. (2003). ´ëÁ¶ºÐ¼®·Ð, µµ¼­ÃâÆÇ ¿ª¶ô.
  • ±Ç¼º¹Ì. (2012). L1-L2 °£ ¹ßÀ½ ±ÔÄ¢ÀÇ »óÀ̼º¿¡ µû¸¥ Çѱ¹¾î Á¾¼ººñÀ½ ½Àµæ ¾ç»ó ¿¬±¸. ¿ì¸®¾î¹®¿¬±¸ 42, 63-90.
  • ±èÅ°桤¹ÚÃÊ·Õ. (2014). Áß±¹¾î ¸ð¾î È­ÀÚÀÇ Çѱ¹¾î Á¾¼º ¹ßÀ½ ¿À·ù¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸. Çѱ¹¾ð¾î¹®È­ 55, 5-34.
  • ¹ÚÇØ¿¬. (2013). Àü·«À» È°¿ëÇÑ Çѱ¹¾î ¹ßÀ½ ±³À° ¹æ¾È-ÆÄÅ°½ºÅº ÇнÀÀÚ¸¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î. 2013 ±¹Á¦Çѱ¹¾î±³À°ÇÐȸ Çмú´ëȸ³í¹®Áý, 427-438.
  • ºÐ¸¶·µ ²«³ªÆÄ. (2013). ű¹ÀÎ ÇнÀÀÚ¸¦ À§ÇÑ Çѱ¹¾î ¹ßÀ½ ±³À° ¹æ¾È -Á¾¼º ¹ßÀ½À» Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î-. °è¸í´ëÇб³ ´ëÇпø ¼®»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®.
  • ½ÅÇö¼÷. (2016). Çѱ¹¾î À½¿î Á¤º¸: Çö»ó°ú ±ÔÄ¢. Ǫ¸¥»ç¶û»ç.
  • ¾çȯȯ. (2018). Áß±¹ÀÎ ÇнÀÀÚÀÇ Çѱ¹¾î Á¾¼º ºñÀ½/¤¤, ¤·/ ½Àµæ ¿¬±¸. ºÎ°æ´ëÇб³ ´ëÇпø ¼®»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®.
  • ÀÌÈ¿¼÷¡¤±è¿µÁÖ. (2013). ºê¶óÁúÀÎ ÇнÀÀÚÀÇ Çѱ¹¾î Á¾¼º ºñÀ½ ¹ßÀ½ ¿¬±¸. Çѱ¹¾îÇÐ 61, 261-281.
  • Àå°æ¹Ì. (2009). ÆÄÅ°½ºÅº ÃÊ±Þ ÇнÀÀÚ¸¦ À§ÇÑ Çѱ¹¾î ±³¼ö¡¤ÇнÀ ¹æ¾È. °æÈñ´ëÇб³ ±³À°´ëÇпø ¼®»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®.
  • Àå¼±¹Ì. (2015). Çѱ¹¾î ÇнÀÀÚÀÇ Á¾¼º ¹ßÀ½ ºÐ¼® ¹× ±³À° ¹æ¾È ¿¬±¸ -¿µ¾î±Ç°ú ÀϺ»¾î±ÇÀ» Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î-. °è¸í´ëÇб³ ´ëÇпø ¼®»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®.
  • Àå¿ë¿ë. (2015). ´ë¸¸ÀÎ ÇнÀÀÚ¸¦ À§ÇÑ Çѱ¹¾î ¹ßÀ½ ±³À° ¹æ¾È -Á¾¼º ¹ßÀ½À» Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î-. °è¸í´ëÇб³ ´ëÇпø ¼®»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®.
  • ÀåÂî¿£. (2017). Áß±¹ÀÎ ÇнÀÀÚ ºñÀ½ Á¾¼º /¤¤/, /¤·/ À½ÀýÀÇ ¹ßÀ½ ¿À·ù Àç°í. Çѱ¹¾î±³À° 28, 251-268..
  • ÀüÇýÁø¡¤ÇÑÁ¤ÇÑ. (2017). ½ÇÇèÀû ºÐ¼®À» ÅëÇÑ Çѱ¹¾î ºñÀ½°ú ºñÀ½µ¿È­ÀÇ ÀÎÁö ¾ç»ó. Journal of Culture 38, 101-130.
  • Á¤Çö¼÷. (2014). ÃÊ±Þ ÀϺ»¾î ¸ð¾î È­ÀÚÀÇ Çѱ¹¾î Á¾¼º ºñÀ½ ¹ßÀ½ ¿À·ù ¿¬±¸. ÀÌÈ­¿©ÀÚ´ëÇб³ ±³À°´ëÇпø ¼®»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®.
  • Çã¿ë¡¤°­ÇöÈ­¡¤°í¸í±Õ¡¤±è¹Ì¿Á¡¤±è¼±Á¤¡¤±èÀç¿í ¿Ü 1ÀÎ. (2012). ¿Ü±¹¾î·Î¼­ÀÇ Çѱ¹¾î±³À°ÇÐ °³·Ð, ¹ÚÀÌÁ¤
  • ÈÄ ÀÚÀÌ·ç. (2015). Áß±¹ »çõ¹æ¾ð±Ç ÇнÀÀÚÀÇ Çѱ¹¾î Á¾¼º ¹ßÀ½ ±³À° ¿¬±¸. ¼­¿ï´ëÇб³ ´ëÇпø ¼®»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®.
  • Agha, A. R., Mansoor, P., & Waqas, I. (2004). Existence of Velar Nasal Stops in Urdu. Center for Language Engineering. Retrieved from http://www.cle.org.pk/ Publication/Crulp_report/CR04_07E.pdf, 38-42.
  • Ayesha, Z. (2002). Assimilation and Dissimilation Rules in Urdu. Center for Research in Urdu Language Processing. Retrieved from http://www.cle.org.pk/ Publication/Crulp_report/CR02_27E. pdf, 230-242.
  • Kashif, M., & Tayyaba, M. (2003). Existence of Ingma in Urdu Language and its Phonological Features. Center for Language Engineering. Retrieved from http://www.cle.org.pk/Publication/Crulp_report/CR03_08E.pdf, 47-51.
  • Sarmad, H. (2004). Letter-to-Sound Conversion for Urdu Text-to-Speech System. Center for Research in Urdu Language Processing. Retrieved from http://delivery.acm.org/10.1145/1630000/1621823, 74-79.
  • Syed, M. S. (2002). Urdu Nasal Consonants and their Phonological Behaviour. Center for Language Engineering. Retrieved from http://www.cle.org.pk/Publication/Crulp_report/ CR02_16E.pdf, 133-140.