대한언어학회 전자저널

대한언어학회

전자저널 E-book

31권 3호 (2023년 9월)

Exploring the Use of -ese and -nikka by English-Speaking Learners on the Basis of Corpus-Based Learner Data

Sun Hee Hwang

Pages : 195-215

DOI : https://doi.org/10.24303/lakdoi.2023.31.3.195

PDF보기

리스트

Abstract

Hwang, Sun Hee. (2023). Exploring the use of -ese and -nikka by English-speaking learners on the basis of corpus-based learner data. The Lintuistic Association of Korea Journal, 31(3), 195-215. This study investigated how English-speaking learners of Korean use two causal connectives, -ese and -nikka, on the basis of comparison between the non-native speaker (NNS) corpus and native speaker (NS) corpus, and whether there is a relationship between learners proficiency level and error rate. A comparison analysis was conducted on the Korean Learners Corpus (KLC), and a native speaker corpus, the Sejong Corpus. It has been known that English causal connective because can be used in all three of Sweetsers (1990) content, epistemic, and speech act domains, but Korean tends to distinguish the use of causal connectives -ese and -nikka depending on those causal relations. The results indicate that native speakers perform differently in the choice between -ese and -nikka depending on causal relations, while L2 learners performance do not reach significance level. Especially for the epistemic causality, unlike native speakers, English-speaking learners use both -ese and -nikka at a similar rate. With respect to the error rate according to level of proficiency, the results reveal that the error rate decreases as proficiency level increases. This fact could imply that the complete acquisition of causal connectives is ultimately possible in principle despite L1-L2 different combinations of features into lexical items.

Keywords

# causal connectives # content domain # epistemic domain # epistemic domain # corpus-based study

References

  • Evers-Vermeul, J., & Sanders, T. (2011). Discovering domains – On the acquisition of causal connectives. Journal of Pragmatics 43(6), 1645-1662.
  • Hong, J. (2012). Connective polysemy and clause linkage typology in Korean. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of California at Berkeley.
  • Hwang, H. (2004). Hankuke Censan Hyengthayron. Seoul: Worin Publishing.
  • Hwang, H. (2008). Yenkyelemy ‘-ese, -nikka’ uy uymy kinungkwa hwuhayngcel yuhyeng (‘The semantic function of conjunctive ending ’-eoseo, -nikka’ in Korean’). Kukehak 51, 57-89.
  • Hyland, K. & Milton, J. (1997). Qualification and certainty in L1 and L2 students’ writing. Journal of Second Language Writing, 6(2), 183-205.
  • Jiang, Q. (2020). Hankwuke inkwakwankye yenkyelemi ‘-ese’wa ‘-nikka’uy sayong mich olyu yangsang yenkwu: cwungkwukekwen haksupca-lul taysangulo (‘A research for the usage and error patterns in Korean conjunctive ending ‘-ese’ and ‘-nikka’: Targeting at Chinese Korean learners‘). Unpublished master’s thesis. Yonsei University.
  • Lim, J. (2009). Hankwuke haksupca-uy yenkyelemi ‘-ase/ese’ey tayhan olyu yenkwu (A research for the Korean learner’s error in the connective ending ‘-ase/ese’). Unpublished Master’s thesis. Chongju University.
  • Kwon, I. (2012). Forward causality in basic communicative spaces networks: the –ese and -nikka constructions in Korean. Discourse and Cognition, 19(1), 1–27.
  • Lardiere, D. (2009). Some thoughts on the contrastive analysis of features in second language acquisition. Second Language Research 25(2), 173-227.
  • Lee, E-R. (2013). ‘Kyelkuk’uy uymywa hwayongcek kinung (‘Semantic and pragmatic functions of ’kyeolguk’). Hanmincokemwunhakhoy 64, 5-36.
  • Lemen, H., Lieven, E., & Theakston, A. (2021). A comparison of the pragmatic patterns in the spontaneous because- and if-sentences produced by children and their caregivers. Journal of Pragmatics 185, 15-34.
  • Lukoff, F., & Nam, K. (1982). Constructions in -nikka and -ese as logical formulations. In The Linguistic Society of Korea (Ed.), Linguistics in the morning calm: Selected papers from SICOL-1981 (pp. 559–583). Seoul: Hanshin.
  • Pander Maat, H., & Degang, L. (2001). Scaling causal relations and connectives in terms of speaker involvement. Cognitive Linguistics 12(3), 211–245.
  • Pander Maat, H., & Sanders, T. (2000). Domains of use or subjectivity? The distribution of three Dutch causal connectives explained. In E. Couper- Kuhlen & B. Kortmann (Eds.), Cause, condition, concession and contrast: Cognitive and discourse perspectives (pp. 57–81). Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
  • Pander Maat, H., & Sanders, T. (2001). Subjectivity in causal connectives: An empirical study of language in use. Cognitive Linguistics 12(3), 247–273.
  • Park, J. (2020). A study on causal connective ending ‘-eseo’ and ‘-nikka’. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Seoul National University.
  • Park, Y. (2015). A grammar of mood and clausal adjunction in Korean. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Delaware
  • Ree, J. (1977). A reanalysis of (u)ni and (e)se. In Kim, Chin-W. (Ed.), Papers in Korean linguistics: Proceedings of the symposium on Korean linguistics (pp. 177– 184). Columbia: Hornbeam Press.
  • Sanders, T. J., & Spooren, W. P. (2015). Causality and subjectivity in discourse: The meaning and use of causal connectives in spontaneous conversation, chat interactions and written text. Linguistics, 53(1), 53-92.
  • Sohn, S.-O. (1993). Cognition, affect, and topicality of the causal particle -nikka in Korean. In Clancey, Patricia M. (Ed.), Japanese/Korean linguistics, vol. 2 (pp. 82– 97). Stanford: CSLI Publications.
  • Stukker, N., Sanders, T., & Verhagen, A. (2008). Causality in verbs and in discourse connectives. Converging evidence of cross-level parallels in Dutch linguistic categorization. Journal of Pragmatics, 40(7), 1296–1322.
  • Sweetser, E. 1990. From etymology to pragmatics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.